Lightweight Statistics Profiling (with a potential bug)

The great thing about new versions of SQL Server is the fact that they are packed full of new features but there some that don’t really get talked about much. I found out about a concept called lightweight query execution statistics profiling infrastructure – think of this as a way of capturing your “in-flight” query execution information, I did however encounter an issue which you will see later on.

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Compare Execution Plans

Have you ever wanted to compare execution plans from SQL Server Management Studio? Well with the newer version of the software (SQL 2016 onward https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/mt238290.aspx) you can. Lets dive in.

Once you have an execution plan ready right click on it and you will see the show plan compare option.

compare

You will then need to navigate to the other execution plan that you want to compare. Ultimately they will then be “side by side” to allow for easy comparisons.

There are basically 3 windows to this, your top plan (blue box), bottom plan (orange box) and the options menu (yellow box).

compare1

Or you can “toggle split” to change the orientation of the windows

compare2

As you can see in the yellow box I selected highlight similar operations, I then use the properties menu to see a high level comparison of the SELECT operator.

compare3

Notice the Wait stats information too? I thought that was pretty cool.

If you are interested in a certain operator that you want to compare you need to select it within both query plans and go to the properties window. Here I look at the hash match operator.

hash

Then selecting the “highlight operators not matching similar segments” option you then will see where the execution plans differ. This was easy to see as the plan shape between the 2 plans was quite different.

shapes

This is a little feature that could prove quite handy.

 

Looking at wait stats differently with SQL 2016

Wait statistics is a great place to start looking into performance issues. Normally people would issue commands/queries based on  sys.dm_os_wait_stats and/or sys.dm_os_waiting_tasks. Did you know from SQL 2016 you have the ability to work with wait stats at a session level? This is done via sys.dm_exec_session_waits_stats. As stated by Microsoft documentation the “DMV resets the information for a session when the session is opened or when the session is reset” .

This is what is returned. The key bit here is the session_ID.

waitsdmv1

So let’s try and put this to use. Please note I use SQLskills queries written by Paul Randal for my wait stats analysis as shown here http://www.sqlskills.com/blogs/paul/wait-statistics-or-please-tell-me-where-it-hurts/, probably because that is where I learnt about the topic.

So I run a specific workload such as

DBCC CHECKDB ('AdventureWorks2016')
GO

Then I use the query from the above link which is based on  sys.dm_os_wait_stats  to check wait stats returning the following snippet (I did not clear anything out beforehand):

waitsmain

This tells me about the waits since my last reboot or since a manual reset of the stats. It’s probably why you should do at least time-based analysis or reset the wait stats before starting, that is if you are interested in something time specific or if you want to understand certain workloads at a given time.

So the other option is that you could go down the session level route. With the session based analysis I took the query and changed it slightly to query sys.dm_exec_session_wait_stats and also pull back the session_id that I am interested in.

First thing is that I used the following to get an ID of interest. This was actually the connection for when I ran the CHECKDB command – SPID 56.


SELECT @@SPID AS [Current SPID]

spid56

I then use this ID within the WHERE clause of the query so I could track it to get session level wait stats.

checkwait

As you would expect it is very specific and quite relevant for the workload (CHECKDB) and for that moment in time only. Its definitely not a replacement technique for the other traditional ways but it could be something that you could use if you want to track a session ID real time.

Here is another example, this time tracking session_id 53 which is a big SELECT statement.

select.JPG

Session level waits:

rbar

Using the DMV in its most simplest form would return the following:

SELECT * FROM sys.dm_exec_session_wait_stats
WHERE session_id = 54

simple

 

I guess you could even use sys.dm_exec_session_waits_stats to get some further details when/if you query sys.dm_exec_sessions or anywhere else where you can join onto the session_id, such as:

SELECT
s.program_name,s.login_time,s.database_id, cws.wait_type,cws.wait_time_ms
FROM sys.dm_exec_session_wait_stats AS cws
JOIN sys.dm_exec_sessions AS s
ON cws.session_id = s.session_id
WHERE cws.session_id = 54
ORDER BY wait_time_ms DESC

Snippet:

waits2016_2

Checking Time Zones in SQL Server

I was building some basic queries around time zone manipulation and I am happy to say that I enjoyed myself as I found a way to get a time based on a geographic region.

This new feature is available to you from SQL 2016 which obviously means SQL database too (Azure). It is called AT TIME ZONE.

AT TIME ZONE implementation relies on following registry hive where time zones are installed: KEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Time Zones. This is exposed via the following query


SELECT * FROM sys.time_zone_info

Looking at books on line via https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/mt612790.aspx it is wrong.

Look at the screen shot, it states it is supported from SQL 2008 – well it is not, it only works on 2016.

times

Running it on a non SQL 2016 server you will get the following message:

Msg 208, Level 16, State 1, Line 1 Invalid object name ‘sys.time_zone_info’.

On a correct SQL version it will return the following. (Snippet)

times2

This information is key as we will use it to build the time zone queries (which is very basic).

SELECT SYSDATETIMEOFFSET() AT TIME ZONE 'GMT Standard Time' AS [My Location]
GO
SELECT SYSDATETIMEOFFSET() AT TIME ZONE 'US Mountain Standard Time' AS [US Mountain Standard Time]
GO
SELECT SYSDATETIMEOFFSET() AT TIME ZONE 'Central Asia Standard Time' AS [Central Asia Standard Time]
GO
SELECT SYSDATETIMEOFFSET() AT TIME ZONE 'AUS Central Standard Time' AS [AUS Central Standard Time]

Based on the zone offset you will get the relevant correct time.

times3

 

SSMS 2016 Bug

I have been using SSMS (SQL Server Management Studio) 2016 build number 13.0.15900.1 and noticed that if you wanted to manage compression you couldn’t as it is greyed out.

Microsoft SQL Server Management Studio 13.0.15900.1

ssms

The actual message that you are presented states: Tables with sparse columns cannot be compressed – I have no sparse columns.

I never had this issue with SQL Server 2014 Management Studio:

Microsoft SQL Server Management Studio           12.0.4100.1

ssms1

The next release of SSMS is now available build number 13.0.16000.28 – see link https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/mt238290.aspx

I am happy because it addresses this issue, item number 4 from the above link states: Fixed the issue that “Manage Compression” menu item is disabled for the user table nodes in object explorer tree.